As the year 2024 comes to a close, scientists are raising alarms about six diseases that pose significant health risks to Africa in 2025.
These include Polio, Ebola, Chikungunya, Zika, Mpox, and the emerging XEC COVID variant. These diseases highlight the continent’s vulnerability due to limited healthcare infrastructure and resources.
Experts emphasize that access to vaccines and treatments remains a long-term challenge for Africa. Current funding and research efforts suggest it could take decades to develop and distribute the necessary tools to combat these diseases effectively.
Polio:
Despite global efforts to eradicate polio, outbreaks of vaccine-derived poliovirus have re-emerged in some African countries, including Nigeria, Kenya, and Somalia. Immunization campaigns are ongoing, but challenges persist in regions with low vaccination coverage.
Mpox:
Mpox cases continue to rise, with the Democratic Republic of Congo and other Central African nations being the hardest hit. While Nigeria has reported fewer cases, underreporting and limited diagnostic resources remain concerns.
Chikungunya:
This mosquito-borne disease has seen a resurgence in Nigeria, with over 900 suspected cases reported in 2024. Symptoms include fever, joint pain, and rash, with no specific treatment available.
Ebola:
Ebola outbreaks in Africa remain a significant threat, particularly in West and Central Africa. The disease, which spreads through contact with infected bodily fluids, has caused devastating outbreaks in the past.
Zika:
Though less widespread, the Zika virus is a growing concern in African countries due to its potential to cause severe birth defects. Mosquito control measures are essential to preventing outbreaks.
XEC COVID Variant:
The newly identified XEC COVID variant, first reported in 2024, has not yet been detected in Africa but poses a potential threat due to its high transmissibility and ability to evade immunity. Health authorities are urging vigilance and continued adherence to preventive measures.
With these diseases posing ongoing and emerging challenges, public health experts stress the need for strengthened healthcare systems, increased funding, and improved vaccination campaigns to safeguard the continent’s population.
